In the past fiscal year, 23,721 individuals were apprehended attempting to cross the northern border of the United States into Canada. This marks a significant increase from the 2,238 recorded two years prior. Despite crackdowns and deportation threats, irregular crossings into Canada have not seen a notable rise. This situation unfolds against a backdrop of 1.5 million apprehensions at the southern border with Mexico. Canadian authorities face a delicate balance between security measures and humanitarian obligations.
The majority of asylum seekers successfully make their case in Canadian courts, with an 83% success rate. Most individuals seeking asylum are genuinely fleeing danger and persecution. However, the journey is perilous, particularly during winter months when temperatures can plummet to -30C (-22F). Recent tragic events highlight these dangers, such as the case of Ana Vasquez-Flores, whose footprints in the snow led searchers to her drowning site in a New York river in December 2023.
Canada's federal government has committed $1.3 billion to strengthen border security, including deploying two Black Hawk helicopters and drones. Alberta's Premier, Danielle Smith, has announced plans to create a new sheriff patrol unit to enhance border security. Despite these efforts, more than a dozen individuals have been caught making the dangerous crossing into Canada. In Alberta, police intercepted two groups attempting illegal entry, including one group with five children ill-prepared for the harsh cold.
Daoud, an immigration expert, highlights the changing profile of individuals crossing due to political shifts in the United States.
“But now Trump is targeting individuals in the United States who have been there for decades. Some were even born there. It’s a totally different profile of person now.” – (Daoud)
Daoud further comments on the deterrence efforts at the border.
“The current rules, and the landscape, are very much a deterrent to most people,” – (Daoud)
However, he acknowledges that for some, these rules are not enough.
“But we’ll still see people crossing because the reality is, that it’s not a deterrent for those with no options left.” – (Daoud)
The Canada-US border remains seasonally treacherous, yet some see no alternative but to risk their lives. In 2022 alone, nearly 40,000 people entered Canada at Roxham Road, an informal crossing point in upstate New York. The dangers are real.
Moreland, another expert on border issues, emphasizes both the logistical and humanitarian aspects of border crossings.
“There’s the cross-border piece, but also the humanity piece,” – (Moreland)
He also acknowledges past tragedies.
“There have been incidents where people did not make it.” – (Moreland)
On a more welcoming note, Canadian leadership remains committed to assisting those in need. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has assured asylum seekers that Canada stands ready to offer refuge.
“To those fleeing persecution, terror & war, Canadians will welcome you, regardless of your faith. Diversity is our strength #WelcomeToCanada.” – (Trudeau)
Despite fears of a surge in migrants following Donald Trump's presidential victory, Canadian leaders remain vigilant in managing border security while maintaining Canada's reputation for welcoming diversity and offering sanctuary.