Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), a condition affecting up to a third of reproductive-aged women, is under renewed scrutiny following a groundbreaking study in Australia. Researchers have identified that treating both partners with oral and topical antimicrobial treatments significantly reduces the recurrence of BV in women. This finding challenges the existing belief that BV does not meet the criteria for a sexually transmitted infection (STI), potentially reshaping future treatment approaches.
BV occurs due to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina, resulting in unpleasant-smelling discharge. It poses severe health risks, such as increasing the likelihood of miscarriage and premature birth in pregnant women. Although sex has long been considered a trigger, the role of male partners in transmitting BV remained unclear, with previous attempts at treating partners failing to enhance cure rates.
The study revealed that 24 out of 69 women (35%) whose male partners were also treated experienced a return of BV. In contrast, 43 out of 68 women who received treatment alone saw the condition recur. This data indicates that involving male partners in treatment could be crucial.
“The trial was stopped by the data and safety monitoring board after 150 couples had completed the 12-week follow-up period because treatment of the woman only was inferior to treatment of both the woman and her male partner,”
— Researchers in Australia
This development suggests that BV may indeed function as an STI, requiring updated treatment protocols. Dr. Janet Wilson emphasizes the urgency of revising current guidelines to reflect these findings.
“Much of the information is outdated and misleading. It should be updated in line with current evidence.”
— Dr. Janet Wilson
Traditionally, BV has been managed by treating only the affected women with tablets and creams, an approach now deemed insufficient. Many individuals with BV have even resorted to celibacy, yet still struggled to completely eliminate the condition.
The study's implications extend beyond individual treatment, promising changes in managing BV, particularly for those in long-term monogamous relationships.
“This is a great paper and it will change how we manage BV in those in long-term monogamous relationships,”
— Dr. Janet Wilson