The tale of Pope Joan enchants historians and theologians. This woman is said to have run the Catholic Church on the high seas of the Middle Ages, starting centuries of discussion and fascination. This powerful narrative comes at a moment when women were almost wholly shut out of our leadership class. It does so courageously, breaking down long-held ideas around church authority and patriarchy.
So Pope Joan, if she existed, would have reigned in the 9th century. This period was characterized by political strife and religious warfare in the Catholic Church. As noted in the above legend, she pretended to be a man. In so doing, she rose to the papacy and became a thoroughly competent pope—Pope John VIII. Her rule, though, was allegedly very brief, as her disguise was found out while she was on a public procession. The tale goes on to say that her revelation resulted in her own demise, with some stories reporting that she was killed in a car accident.
The story of Pope Joan has been a hot topic for ages. Those who support the initiative view it as a myth intended to disrupt the Church’s patriarchal and complacent structures. For others, it’s a reflection of a historical fact that has long been hidden from view. The absence of physical evidence only deepens our uncertainty about whether she actually lived. Consequently, many historians are still deeply split on the matter.
Throughout the Middle Ages, women were largely excluded from positions of religious and civil authority. Ultimately, the tale of Pope Joan begs a more crucial inquiry. It challenges us to ask ourselves, can women hold true power in the Church and society at large. It acknowledges the battles women have fought throughout history in seeking and fighting for their equality and rightful place.
Pope Joan’s story became widely circulated in the 13th century after it was adapted into several literary and folkloric traditions. It has since been retold in all sorts of media, from Broadway musical to Young Adult novel, enchanting audiences both young and old. Though the history is rooted in truth — and pain — this mythological origin story weaves a brilliant tale of trickery. Additionally, it is an annual reminder of the growing demand for gender equity within religious institutions.