India‘s increasing imports of Russian oil have drawn scrutiny from the United States, which claims that these purchases are indirectly funding Russia’s ongoing war in Ukraine. These allegations are staunchly denied by Indian officials. They claim their big worry is making sure energy is secure for their 1.4 billion people.
Ever since the war broke out, Russian crude oil has become one of the most favoured imports by India. By 2024, it has soared to comprise 35-40% of India’s total oil imports, an explosive increase from just 3% in 2021. India’s Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar robustly defended the nation’s oil purchasing strategy, emphasizing that it operates based on market dynamics rather than geopolitical pressures.
“It’s funny to have people who work for a pro-business American administration accusing other people of doing business,” – S. Jaishankar
Ambassador Vinay Kumar, India’s envoy to Russia, reiterated that India will continue to source oil from wherever it can secure the best deal. He underscored the tremendous importance of this decision in ensuring the best interests of the Indian people. This is more important than ever as global energy challenges continue to increase.
Now, the U.S. government—under the leadership of President Donald Trump—has followed up these primary tariffs with new secondary tariffs targeting India. This notably includes a hefty 25% punitive tariff on imports of Russian oil and military goods. U.S. Vice-President JD Vance declared that these tariffs would employ “aggressive economic leverage” on Russia. The aim is to bring about an end to Russia’s aggressive campaign in Ukraine. Critics point to the focus as a key failing. Yet, these tariffs don’t even extend to China or the European Union. Both countries are otherwise heavily dependent on trade with Russia as well.
With tensions continuing, India’s strategic autonomy in the decision-making process is still a key point of interest. Our nation must remain committed to fighting for a peaceful end to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, promoting dialogue and diplomacy. It has refused to follow suit and publicly denounce Russia. This position has put a severe strain on EU-U.S. relations and complicated current negotiations over an eventual EU-U.S. comprehensive trade deal.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent visit to Ukraine in 2024 underscores India’s willingness to engage diplomatically with all parties involved in the conflict. What’s more, Russian President Vladimir Putin is slated to visit India later this year, which would further cement these bilateral ties.
In a potential sign of warming relations, Ukraine’s President Volodymr Zelensky may visit India soon, although specific dates remain unconfirmed.