The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its ally, the Christian Social Union (CSU), emerged as the leading force in Germany's federal election, securing 28.5% of the votes, according to exit poll data from ZDF. This political shift comes during a tumultuous period for Germany, marked by economic contraction and contentious debates on migration. The far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) surprised many by capturing second place with 20% of the vote, while the Social Democratic Party (SPD) followed in third with 16.5%.
Germany's election unfolded against a backdrop of economic stagnation. The country's economy experienced contractions in both 2023 and 2024, posing a significant challenge for the new ruling coalition. As the CDU-CSU alliance takes charge, addressing these economic woes remains a top priority. Additionally, they face a fierce domestic debate over migration policies, which has gained prominence amidst shifting political dynamics.
German voters participated in a dual voting process on Sunday, casting ballots to elect their local parliamentary representatives and to choose a party list. Notably, parties must surpass a 5% threshold to secure seats in parliament. The AfD's rise to second place marks a significant shift from its previous fourth-place standing, highlighting the changing political landscape.
The CDU-CSU coalition's support saw a slight dip just before the election, but they managed to maintain their lead. This political transition follows the collapse of the former ruling coalition comprising the SPD, the Green Party, and the Free Democratic Party late last year, prompting an early election.
As Germany grapples with its internal challenges, the election also coincides with President Donald Trump's second term, during which he advances his trade and Ukraine war policies. These international developments add another layer of complexity to Germany's political landscape.