The other pillar of Israel’s security strategy is the Iron Dome, a mobile anti-rocket, anti-mortar and anti-artillery defense system. That’s because Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, the system’s developer, has enjoyed strong backing from the United States. Since March 2011 it has been completely operational. Its military purpose is to defend Israeli civilians from bombings by intercepting missiles with other guided missiles.
The Iron Dome’s effectiveness does not depend solely on this advanced radar technology. It follows rockets as they are launched and uses computer algorithms to calculate their trajectories, determining whether they will hit populated cities or not. If a rocket is deemed dangerous, a command and control center activates the system, launching a Tamir missile to intercept the incoming projectile. The Iron Dome’s success at preventing rockets from hitting Israeli towns and cities is a testament to this proactive approach.
Since it was originally developed, the Iron Dome has experienced multiple upgrades increasing its efficiency and reliability. The system currently has at least ten batteries deployed across Israel. Each battery is capable of protecting an area the size of 60 square miles. As shown in the picture, each battery consists of three to four launchers, with each launcher capable of employing up to 20 Tamir interceptors. In addition, this configuration allows the Iron Dome to intercept threats launched from extremely short ranges (2.5 miles) to much longer ranges (43 miles).
This financial support from the United States has been a key factor in all aspects of the Iron Dome’s development and maintenance. The program has cost the American taxpayer over $30 billion since fiscal year 2011, including the provision of batteries, interceptors, co-production costs, and upkeep. This continued collaboration highlights the Iron Dome’s strategic imperative in keeping the region secure.
The Iron Dome today is popularly and officially celebrated as Israel’s most successful and essential defensive weapon. In Hebrew, it’s called, “Kippat Barzel.” Its effectiveness has generated international attention and support. All of this has led it to be a dominant theme in conversations surrounding defense technologies and U.S. military assistance.